Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems
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A Multi-Scale method for combined design and dispatch optimization of nuclear hybrid energy systems including storage
Nuclear Hydrogen Hybrid Energy System

With increasing grid-penetration of renewable energy resources and a rising need for carbon-free dispatchable power generation, nuclear-hybrid energy systems (NHES), consisting of small modular reactors, are an increasingly attractive option for maintaining grid stability. NHES can accomplish this with a minimal carbon footprint but there are significant uncertainties that are not fully understood. This work describes and demonstrates methods for analyzing the uncertainties of potential NHES designs, including uncertain design parameters and time series as well as variations in dispatch horizon length. The proposed methods are demonstrated on a sample system with 16 design parameters, 3 uncertain time series, and a range of dispatch horizon lengths where the unit capacities and unit dispatch are co-optimized to minimize system LCOE. For the example system, 11 of 16 parameters are uncorrelated with model outputs, allowing for model reduction without decreased accuracy. It is determined that the impact of variation in multiple time series cannot be easily isolated and that the examined sources of uncertainty are of similar importance in terms of overall impact.
Small Modular Reactor Hybrid Energy System

With increasing grid-penetration of renewable energy resources and a rising need for carbonfree dispatchable power generation, nuclear-hybrid energy systems (NHES), consisting of small modular reactors, are an increasingly attractive option for maintaining grid stability. NHES can accomplish this with a minimal carbon footprint but there are significant uncertainties that are not fully understood. This work describes and demonstrates methods for analyzing the uncertainties of potential NHES designs, including uncertain design parameters and time series as well as variations in dispatch horizon length. The proposed methods are demonstrated on a sample system with 16 design parameters, 3 uncertain time series, and a range of dispatch horizon lengths where the unit capacities and unit dispatch are co-optimized to minimize system LCOE. For the example system, 11 of 16 parameters are uncorrelated with model outputs, allowing for model reduction without decreased accuracy. It is determined that the impact of variation in multiple time series cannot be easily isolated and that the examined sources of uncertainty are of similar importance in terms of overall impact.

With increasing grid-penetration of renewable energy resources and a rising need for carbon-free dispatchable power generation, nuclear-hybrid energy systems (NHES), consisting of small modular reactors, are an increasingly attractive option for maintaining grid stability. NHES can accomplish this with a minimal carbon footprint but there are significant uncertainties that are not fully understood. This work describes and demonstrates methods for analyzing the uncertainties of potential NHES designs, including uncertain design parameters and time series as well as variations in dispatch horizon length. The proposed methods are demonstrated on a sample system with 16 design parameters, 3 uncertain time series, and a range of dispatch horizon lengths where the unit capacities and unit dispatch are co-optimized to minimize system LCOE. For the example system, 11 of 16 parameters are uncorrelated with model outputs, allowing for model reduction without decreased accuracy. It is determined that the impact of variation in multiple time series cannot be easily isolated and that the examined sources of uncertainty are of similar importance in terms of overall impact.

With increasing grid-penetration of renewable energy resources and a rising need for carbonfree dispatchable power generation, nuclear-hybrid energy systems (NHES), consisting of small modular reactors, are an increasingly attractive option for maintaining grid stability. NHES can accomplish this with a minimal carbon footprint but there are significant uncertainties that are not fully understood. This work describes and demonstrates methods for analyzing the uncertainties of potential NHES designs, including uncertain design parameters and time series as well as variations in dispatch horizon length. The proposed methods are demonstrated on a sample system with 16 design parameters, 3 uncertain time series, and a range of dispatch horizon lengths where the unit capacities and unit dispatch are co-optimized to minimize system LCOE. For the example system, 11 of 16 parameters are uncorrelated with model outputs, allowing for model reduction without decreased accuracy. It is determined that the impact of variation in multiple time series cannot be easily isolated and that the examined sources of uncertainty are of similar importance in terms of overall impact.
- Ho, A., Mohammadi, K., Hedengren J.D., Memmott, M., Powell, K.M., Dynamic simulation of a novel nuclear hybrid energy system with large-scale hydrogen storage in an underground salt cavern, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29 July 2021. Article
NHES with H2 Storage
- Gates, N.S., Hill, D.C., Billings, B.W., Powell, K.M., Hedengren, J.D., Benchmarks for Grid Energy Management with Python Gekko, 60th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Austin, TX, USA, December 13-15, 2020. Preprint | Benchmarks
Grid Energy Benchmarks

- Ho, A., Mohammadi, K., Hedengren J.D., Memmott, M., Powell, K.M., Dynamic simulation of a novel nuclear hybrid energy system with large-scale hydrogen storage in an underground salt cavern, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29 July 2021. Article
- Ho, A., Mohammadi, K., Hedengren J.D., Memmott, M., Powell, K.M., Dynamic simulation of a novel nuclear hybrid energy system with large-scale hydrogen storage in an underground salt cavern, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29 July 2021. Article

Coming soon...
- Ho, A., Mohammadi, K., Hedengren J.D., Memmott, M., Powell, K.M., Dynamic simulation of a novel nuclear hybrid energy system with large-scale hydrogen storage in an underground salt cavern, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29 July 2021. Article
Support for this research comes from the DOE NEUP Project 19-16879: Proactive Hybrid Nuclear with Load Forecasting.
Support for this research comes from the DOE NEUP Project 19-16879: Proactive Hybrid Nuclear with Load Forecasting. This project is a collaboration between BYU Process Research and Intelligent Systems Modeling (PRISM) Group, the Energy Systems Research Group at the University of Utah, and Idaho National Labs (INL).
This project develops new capabilities of design and dispatch optimization of nuclear hybrid energy systems (NHES) in the "Risk Analysis Virtual Environment (RAVEN)" modelling software. Blended (physics-based and data-driven) machine learning will be applied to forecast demand and production of thermal and electrical loads. Two experimental case studies are proposed to test the software developments with a lab-scale thermal energy storage and with a large district energy system. As a final step, the software developments will be generalized to other NHES.
This project develops new capabilities of design and dispatch optimization of nuclear hybrid energy systems (NHES) in the "Risk Analysis Virtual Environment (RAVEN)" modelling software. Blended (physics-based and data-driven) machine learning will be applied to forecast demand and production of thermal and electrical loads.
Two experimental case studies are proposed to test the software developments with a lab-scale thermal energy storage and with a large district energy system. As a final step, the software developments will be generalized to other NHES.
Publications
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